04 Operation on a Series of Integers

   #!/usr/bin/perl6
   use v6;
   

Description

Iterating over a series of integers in a range is similar in Perl 6 to the same code in Perl 5 except of slightly different format of the foreach loop that is spelled for now.

   my $x = 23;
   my $z = 25;
   
   for $x .. $z -> $i {
        say $i;
   }
   say '-----';
   

Description

C-style, 3-part for loops are now called loop but they are not really recommended. Better to use the for loop as described above.

   # The following produced 2 in Rakudo which is probably a bug
   # as for should not work that way
   # for (my $i = 1; $i <= 3; $i++) { say $i; }
   
   loop (my $i = $x; $i <= $z; $i++) { 
        say $i;
   }
   say '-----';
   

Description

Iterating over every 2nd number is also possible with the for loop of Perl 6.

   # the following code does not YET work in Rakudo
   
   #for 1..8:by(2) -> $i {
   #    say $i;
   #}
   #say '-----';
   
   

06 Generating Random Numbers

   #!/usr/bin/perl6
   use v6;
   

Description

The rand() function in Perl 6 provides a random number between 0 and 1 where 0 is possible while 1 is not.

so $x = rand(); 0 <= $x < 1;

In order to make the numbers random Perl automatically calls srand() for us the first time rand() is called in a program. So normally there is no need to call srand().

   say rand();
   say rand();
   say rand();
   

06 Generating Random Whole Numbers

   #!/usr/bin/perl6
   use v6;
   

Description

The rand() function in Perl 6 provides a random number between 0 and 1 where 0 is possible while 1 is not.

so $x = rand(); 0 <= $x < 1;

As opposed to Perl 5 in Perl 6 rand() does not get an argument. If you'd like to generate a random integer between $N and $K (both inclusive) then you have to write TODO: really Num.rand is not exported to main?

$N + int rand * $K

So for example throwing a cube is

1 + int rand * 6;

As rand is also a method of the Num class one could also write the above like this:

6.rand.int+1

In order to avoid the need to think over $N and $K again and again Perl 6 also provides a nice way to generate random whole numbers

(1..6).pick;

but don't try it on (1..100000).pick on Rakudo as it does not seem to like it. It seems he range is not lazy there.

   say 1 + int rand * 6 for 1..10;
   say 6.rand.int+1     for 1..10;
   say (1..6).pick      for 1..10;
   

07 Generating Repeatable Random Sequences

   #!/usr/bin/perl6
   use v6;
   

Description

In order to make sure the random number generator starts at the same place every time we start our script we should call srand() ourself with some fixed numerical value.

   srand(42);
   
   say rand();
   say rand();
   say rand();
   

cpanm Perl6::Cookbook

perl -MCPAN -e shell
install Perl6::Cookbook