Socket::Netlink - interface to Linux's PF_NETLINK socket family
Socket::Netlink
PF_NETLINK
use Socket; use Socket::Netlink qw( :DEFAULT pack_nlmsghdr unpack_nlmsghdr ); socket( my $sock, PF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, 0 ) or die "socket: $!"; send( $sock, pack_nlmsghdr( 18, NLM_F_REQUEST|NLM_F_DUMP, 0, 0, "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0" ), 0 ) or die "send: $!"; recv( $sock, my $buffer, 65536, 0 ) or die "recv: $!"; printf "Received type=%d flags=%x:\n%v02x\n", ( unpack_nlmsghdr( $buffer ) )[ 0, 1, 4 ];
This module contains the low-level constants and structure handling functions required to use Linux's PF_NETLINK socket family. It is suggested to use the high-level object interface to this instead; see IO::Socket::Netlink.
The following constants are exported
The packet family (for socket() calls)
socket()
The address family
The following pair of functions operate on AF_NETLINK address structures. The meainings of the parameters are:
AF_NETLINK
The unique endpoint number for this netlink socket. If given as 0 to the bind() syscall, the kernel will allocate an endpoint number of the process's PID.
bind()
A 32-bit bitmask of the multicast groups to join.
$addr = pack_sockaddr_nl( $pid, $groups )
Returns a sockaddr_nl structure with the fields packed into it.
sockaddr_nl
( $pid, $groups ) = unpack_sockaddr_nl( $addr )
Takes a sockaddr_nl structure and returns the unpacked fields from it.
The following function pairs operate on structure types used by netlink
$buffer = pack_nlmsghdr( $type, $flags, $seq, $pid, $body )
( $type, $flags, $seq, $pid, $body, $morebuffer ) = unpack_nlmsghdr( $buffer )
Pack or unpack a struct nlmsghdr and its payload body.
struct nlmsghdr
Because a single netlink message can contain more than payload body, the unpack_nlmsghdr function will return the remaining buffer after unpacking the first message, in case there are others. If there are no more, the $morebuffer list element will not be returned.
unpack_nlmsghdr
$morebuffer
while( defined $buffer ) { ( my ( $type, $flags, $seq, $pid, $body ), $buffer ) = unpack_nlmsghdr( $buffer ); ... }
There is no similar functionallity for pack_nlmsghdr; simply concatenate multiple results together to send more than one message.
pack_nlmsghdr
$buffer = pack_nlmsgerr( $error, $msg )
( $error, $msg ) = unpack_nlmsgerr( $buffer )
Pack or unpack a struct nlmsgerr. The kernel expects or reports negative integers in its structures; these functions take or return normal positive error values suitable for use with $!.
struct nlmsgerr
$!
$buffer = pack_nlattrs( %attrs )
%attrs = unpack_nlattrs( $buffer )
Pack or unpack a list of netlink attributes.
These functions take or return even-sized lists of $type, $value pairs. The type will be the number in the netlink attribute message, and the value will be a plain packed string buffer. It is the caller's responsibilty to further pack/unpack this buffer as appropriate for the specific type.
$type, $value
Because these functions take/return even-sized lists, they may be passed or returned into hashes.
netlink(7) - netlink - Communication between kernel and userspace (AF_NETLINK)
netlink(7)
IO::Socket::Netlink - Object interface to AF_NETLINK domain sockets
Paul Evans <leonerd@leonerd.org.uk>
To install Socket::Netlink, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.
cpanm
cpanm Socket::Netlink
CPAN shell
perl -MCPAN -e shell install Socket::Netlink
For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.